Kyamarar MIPI vs Kyamara ta USB
A cikin ƴan shekarun da suka gabata, hangen nesa ya samo asali daga zance zuwa fasahar da aka ɗauka da yawa da ake amfani da ita a faɗin masana'antu, likitanci, dillalai, nishaɗi, da sassan noma. Tare da kowane lokaci na juyin halittar sa, hangen nesa ya tabbatar da babban ci gaba a yawan mu'amalar kyamarar da ke akwai don zaɓar daga. Duk da haka, duk da ci gaban fasaha, MIPI da kebul na musaya sun kasance manyan shahararrun nau'ikan biyu don yawancin aikace-aikacen hangen nesa.
MIPI Interface
MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) buɗaɗɗen ma'auni ne kuma ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun MIPI Alliance don sarrafa aikace-aikacen wayar hannu.MIPI modules kamaraana yawan samun su a cikin wayoyin hannu da allunan, kuma suna goyan bayan ƙudurin ma'anar sama da pixels miliyan 5. An raba MIPI zuwa MIPI DSI da MIPI CSI, waɗanda suka dace da nunin bidiyo da ka'idojin shigar da bidiyo, bi da bi. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da na'urorin kamara na MIPI a cikin wasu samfuran da aka haɗa, kamar wayoyin hannu, masu rikodin tuki, kyamarori masu tilasta doka, ƙananan kyamarori masu mahimmanci, da kyamarori masu sa ido na hanyar sadarwa.
MIPI Nuni Serial Interface (MIPI DSI ®) yana bayyana ma'anar siriyal mai sauri tsakanin mai sarrafa mai watsa shiri da tsarin nuni. Ƙirƙirar ƙirar yana bawa masana'antun damar haɗa nuni don babban aiki, ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki, da ƙananan tsangwama na lantarki (EMI), yayin da rage ƙididdigar fil da kiyaye daidaituwa tsakanin masu samarwa daban-daban. Masu ƙira za su iya amfani da MIPI DSI don samar da ma'anar launi mai haske don mafi kyawun hoto da yanayin bidiyo da goyan bayan watsa abun ciki na stereoscopic.
MIPI ita ce hanyar da aka fi amfani da ita a kasuwannin yau don hoto-zuwa-aya da watsa bidiyo tsakanin kyamarori da na'urori masu masaukin baki. Ana iya dangana shi ga sauƙin amfani da MIPI da ikonsa na tallafawa faɗuwar aikace-aikacen manyan ayyuka. Hakanan ya zo da kayan aiki masu ƙarfi kamar 1080p, 4K, 8K da bayan bidiyo da hoto mai ƙarfi.
MIPI ke dubawa shine kyakkyawan zaɓi don aikace-aikace kamar na'urorin gaskiya masu kama da kai, aikace-aikacen zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, tsarin gano motsin motsi, drones, tantance fuska, tsaro, tsarin sa ido, da sauransu.
MIPI CSI-2 Interface
Daidaitaccen MIPI CSI-2 (MIPI Serial Interface 2nd Generation na Kamara) babban aiki ne, mai tsada, kuma mai sauƙin amfani. MIPI CSI-2 yana ba da iyakar bandwidth na 10 Gb/s tare da hanyoyin bayanan hoto guda huɗu - kowane layi yana iya canja wurin bayanai har zuwa 2.5 Gb/s. MIPI CSI-2 yana da sauri fiye da USB 3.0 kuma yana da amintacciyar yarjejeniya don sarrafa bidiyo daga 1080p zuwa 8K da kuma bayan. Bugu da ƙari, saboda ƙarancin sama da ƙasa, MIPI CSI-2 yana da babban bandwidth hoto mai girma.
Ƙididdigar MIPI CSI-2 tana amfani da ƙananan albarkatu daga CPU - godiya ga masu sarrafawa da yawa. Tsohuwar ƙirar kyamara ce don Rasberi Pi da Jetson Nano. Tsarin kyamarar Rasberi Pi V1 da V2 suma sun dogara da shi.
Iyakokin MIPI CSI-2 Interface
Ko da yake yana da ƙarfi kuma sanannen dubawa, MIPI CSI ya zo da ƴan iyakoki. Misali, kyamarori MIPI sun dogara da ƙarin direbobi don aiki. Yana nufin cewa akwai iyakataccen tallafi don na'urori masu auna hoto daban-daban sai dai idan masana'antun tsarin da aka haɗa da gaske sun tura shi!
Amfanin MIPI:
Ƙididdigar MIPI tana da ƙarancin layukan sigina fiye da ƙirar DVP. Saboda siginar bambance-bambancen ƙarancin wutar lantarki ne, tsangwama da aka haifar yana da ƙarami, kuma ikon hana tsangwama kuma yana da ƙarfi. 800W kuma sama da duka amfani MIPI dubawa. Tsarin kyamarar wayar hannu yana amfani da MIPI.
Ta yaya yake aiki?
Yawanci, ultra-compact board a cikin tsarin hangen nesa yana goyan bayan MIPI CSI-2 kuma yana aiki tare da babban kewayon mafita na firikwensin hankali. Haka kuma, ya dace da allunan CPU daban-daban.
MIPI CSI-2 tana goyan bayan MIPI D-PHY Layer na jiki don sadarwa zuwa na'ura mai sarrafa aikace-aikace ko System on a Chip (SoC). Ana iya aiwatar da shi akan ɗayan yadudduka biyu na zahiri: MIPI C-PHY℠ v2.0 ko MIPI D-PHY℠ v2.5. Don haka, aikin sa yana da iya daidaita layi.
A cikin kyamarar MIPI, firikwensin kamara yana ɗauka kuma yana watsa hoto ga mai masaukin CSI-2. Lokacin da aka watsa hoton, ana sanya shi cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya azaman firam guda ɗaya. Ana watsa kowane firam ta hanyar tashoshi na yau da kullun. Ana raba kowace tasha zuwa layi - ana watsa shi daya bayan daya. Don haka, yana ba da izinin watsa cikakken hoto daga firikwensin hoto iri ɗaya - amma tare da rafukan pixel da yawa.
MIPI CSI-2 yana amfani da fakiti don sadarwa waɗanda suka haɗa da tsarin bayanai da ayyukan gyara kuskure (ECC). Fakiti ɗaya yana tafiya ta cikin Layer D-PHY sannan ya rabu zuwa adadin hanyoyin da ake buƙata. D-PHY yana aiki a cikin yanayin sauri kuma yana watsa fakitin zuwa mai karɓa ta hanyar tashar.
Sannan, ana samar da mai karɓar CSI-2 tare da Layer na zahiri na D-PHY don cirewa da yanke fakitin. Ana maimaita tsarin ta firam daga na'urar CSI-2 zuwa mai watsa shiri ta hanyar ingantaccen aiki da ƙarancin farashi.
USB Interface
TheKebul na USByana aiki azaman haɗin kai tsakanin tsarin biyu - kamara da PC. Tunda sananne ne don ƙarfin toshe-da-wasa, zaɓin kebul na kebul yana nuna cewa zaku iya bankwana da tsada, lokutan haɓakawa da farashi don haɗin haɗin hangen nesa. USB 2.0, tsohon sigar, yana da manyan gazawar fasaha. Yayin da fasahar ta fara raguwa, yawancin abubuwan da ke cikinta sun zama marasa jituwa. An ƙaddamar da kebul 3.0 da kebul na 3.1 Gen 1 don shawo kan iyakokin kebul na 2.0 Interface.
Kebul na 3.0 (da USB 3.1 Gen 1) ke dubawa ya haɗu da ingantaccen fasali na musaya daban-daban. Waɗannan sun haɗa da dacewa da toshe-da-wasa da ƙananan nauyin CPU. Matsayin masana'antu na hangen nesa na USB 3.0 kuma yana haɓaka amincinsa don babban ƙuduri da kyamarori masu sauri.
Yana buƙatar ƙaramin ƙarin kayan aiki kuma yana goyan bayan ƙaramin bandwidth - har zuwa megabyte 40 a sakan daya. Yana da iyakar bandwidth na 480 megabyte a sakan daya. Wannan shine sau 10 cikin sauri fiye da USB 2.0 kuma sau 4 sauri fiye da GigE! Ƙarfin toshe-da-wasa yana tabbatar da cewa na'urorin hangen nesa za a iya musanya su cikin sauƙi - yana sauƙaƙa maye gurbin kyamarar da ta lalace.
Iyakance na USB 3.0 Interface
Babban hasara naUSB 3.0dubawa shi ne cewa ba za ka iya gudu high-ƙuduri na'urori masu auna sigina a high gudun. Wani faɗuwa kuma shine kawai kuna iya amfani da kebul har zuwa nisan mita 5 daga mai sarrafa mai watsa shiri. Yayin da igiyoyi masu tsayi suna da yawa, duk an sa su da "boosters". Yadda waɗannan igiyoyi ke aiki tare da kyamarori na masana'antu dole ne a bincika kowane akwati.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 22-2023
