Chitsogozo Chachikulu Chosinthira Kamera Module

M'dziko lamakono, makamera a digito amafala kwambiri ndi teknoloji yatsopano pamtengo wotsika kwambiri. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuyambitsa ukadaulo watsopano ndi masensa azithunzi a CMOS. Module ya kamera ya CMOS yakhala yotsika mtengo popanga poyerekeza ndi ena. Ndi zinthu zatsopano zomwe zatulutsidwa mu makamera amakono okhala ndi masensa a Cmos, kujambula zithunzi zowoneka bwino ndizodziwika bwino.Wopanga module wapamwamba kwambiri wa kamerayakhala ikubwera ndi kamera yophatikizidwa yokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito ochulukirapo komanso kuchuluka kwa zithunzi. Masensa a CMOS amaonetsetsa kuti akuwerenga zozungulira ndi mawonekedwe azithunzi. Zomangamanga za ma pixel amasiku ano zidasinthanso kwambiri ndipo zidathandizira kujambula zithunzizo mumitundu yabwino kwambiri. Zowonjezera zitsulo-oxide-semiconductor image sensors zimatembenuza kuwala kukhala ma elekitironi, kotero mu zipangizo zamakono, gawo la kamera ya USB lakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apamwamba.

Kodi Module ya Kamera ndi chiyani?

Camera Module kapena Compact Camera Module ndi sensa yazithunzi zapamwamba zophatikizidwa ndi Unit control yamagetsi, magalasi, purosesa ya digito, ndi Chiyankhulo monga USB kapena CSI. Kamera Module yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza:

• Kuyendera mafakitale
• Magalimoto & Chitetezo
• Zogulitsa & Zachuma
• Kunyumba & Zosangalatsa
• Thanzi & Nutrition

Ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo ndi zida za intaneti, liwiro la maukonde lasinthidwa kwambiri ndikuphatikizidwa ndikukhazikitsa zida zatsopano zojambulira zithunzi. Kamera Module yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu Smartphone, Tablet, PC, Maloboti, Drones, Medical Chipangizo, Zamagetsi, ndi ena ambiri. Kuchulukirachulukira kwaukadaulo wojambula zithunzi kwatsegula njira yokhazikitsira ma Megapixel 5, 8 Megapixels, 13 Megapixels, 20 Megapixel, 24 Megapixel ndi zina zambiri.

Module ya kamera ili ndi zigawo zotsatirazi monga

• Sensa ya zithunzi
• Lens
• Digital Signal Processing
• Zosefera za infrared
• Flexible kusindikizidwa dera kapena Print dera bolodi
• Cholumikizira

Lens:

Gawo lofunikira la kamera iliyonse ndi mandala ndipo limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwunikira komwe kumachitika pa sensa ya chithunzi ndikusankha mtundu wa chithunzicho. Kusankha mandala oyenera kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndi sayansi, ndipo kunena zowona ndizowona. Pali magawo angapo kuchokera pamawonekedwe owoneka bwino omwe angaganizidwe posankha mandala kuti akwaniritse zofunikira, zomwe zimakhudza kusankha kwa mandala, monga kapangidwe ka mandala, kapangidwe ka mandala kaya pulasitiki kapena magalasi agalasi, kutalika koyenera, F. .No, Field of View, Kuzama kwa Field, TV kupotoza, Chibale Kuwala, MTF etc.

Sensa ya Zithunzi

Sensa ya zithunzi ndi sensa yomwe imazindikira ndikutumiza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga chithunzi. Sensor ndiye fungulo lachidziwitsoKamera Modulekudziwa mtundu wa chithunzicho. Kaya ndi kamera ya Smartphone kapena kamera ya digito, Zomverera zimagwira ntchito yofunika. Pakalipano, sensa ya CMOS ndiyotchuka kwambiri komanso yotsika mtengo kupanga kuposa sensa ya CCD.

Mtundu wa sensa- CCD vs CMOS

Sensa ya CCD - Ubwino wa CCD ndi kukhudzika kwakukulu, phokoso lochepa, ndi chiŵerengero chachikulu cha chizindikiro ndi phokoso. Koma njira yopangira zinthu ndizovuta, zotsika mtengo komanso zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu.CMOS sensor - Ubwino wa CMOS ndi kuphatikiza kwake kwapamwamba (kuphatikiza AADC ndi purosesa ya chizindikiro, ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri Kukula kochepa), kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso mtengo wotsika. Koma phokoso ndi lalikulu, kukhudzika kochepa komanso zofunikira kwambiri pamagetsi.

DSP:

Magawo a chizindikiro cha digito amakonzedwanso mothandizidwa ndi masamu angapo ovuta. Chofunika kwambiri, zizindikiro zimatumizidwa kumalo osungirako, kapena zimatha kutumizidwa ku zigawo zowonetsera.

Chimake cha DSP chimaphatikizapo

• ISP
• JPEG encoder
• USB chipangizo chowongolera

Kusiyana pakati pa gawo la kamera ya USB ndi gawo la kamera ya sensor / module ya kamera ya CMOSUSB 2.0 Kamera Module:

Module ya kamera ya USB 2.0 imaphatikiza gawo la kamera ndi gawo lojambulira makanema mwachindunji, kenako ndikulumikizana ndi HOST SYSTEM kudzera mu mawonekedwe a USB. Tsopano gawo la kamera ya digito pamsika wa CAMERA kwenikweni lidatengera mawonekedwe atsopano a USB2.0. Makompyuta ndi zida zina zam'manja zimalumikizidwa mwachindunji kudzera pa USB mawonekedwe amangolumikiza ndikusewera. Ma module awa a UVC odandaula USB2.0 amagwirizana ndi mapulogalamu a Windows (DirectShow) ndi Linux (V4L2) ndipo safuna madalaivala.

• USB Video Class (UVC) Standard
• Kuchuluka kwa bandwidth ya USB2.0 ndi 480Mbps (ie 60MB/s)
• Zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo
• Pulagi ndikusewera
• Kugwirizana kwakukulu komanso kukhazikika
• Mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri

Pambuyo pokonzedwa ndi pulogalamuyo pa dongosolo la Operating lomwe limagwirizana ndi miyezo ya UVC, chizindikiro cha digito chimachokera ku chowonetsera.

USB 3.0 Camera Module:

Yerekezerani ndi gawo la kamera la USB 2.0, kamera ya USB 3.0 imalola kutumiza mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo USB 3.0 imagwirizana kwathunthu ndi mawonekedwe a USB2.0

• Kutumiza kwakukulu kwa bandwidth ya USB3.0 ndikufika ku 5.0Gbps (640MB/s)
• Tanthauzo la 9 pini yerekezerani ndi mapini a USB2.0 4
• Yogwirizana kwathunthu ndi USB 2.0
• SuperSpeed ​​kulumikizana

Cmos Camera Module (CCM)

CCM kapena Coms Camera Module imatchedwanso Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Camera Module yokhala ndi chipangizo chake chachikulu chomwe chimathandiza pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zida za kamera. Poyerekeza ndi makina azikhalidwe zamakamera, CCM ili ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zikuphatikiza

• Miniaturization
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa
• Chithunzi chapamwamba
• Mtengo wotsika

USB Camera module ntchito mfundo

Chithunzi chowonekera chomwe chimapangidwa ndi zochitika kudzera mu lens (LENS) chikuwonetsedwa pamwamba pa chithunzithunzi cha chithunzi (SENSOR), kenako chimasinthidwa kukhala chizindikiro chamagetsi, chomwe chimasinthidwa kukhala chizindikiro cha digito pambuyo pa A / D (Analog / Digital ) kutembenuka. Zimatumizidwa ku chipangizo cha digito (DSP) kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito, kenako chimatumizidwa ku kompyuta kudzera mu mawonekedwe a I / O kuti apangidwe, ndiyeno chithunzicho chikhoza kuwonedwa kudzera muwonetsero ( DISPLAY ).

Momwe mungayesere makamera a USB ndi CCM(gawo la kamera ya CMOS)?Kamera ya USB: (Mwachitsanzo pulogalamu ya Amcap)

Gawo 1: Lumikizani kamera ndi USB kamera.

Gawo 2: Lumikizani chingwe cha USB ndi PC kapena Foni yam'manja kudzera pa adaputala ya OTG.

Amcap:

Tsegulani AMCap ndiSankhani gawo la kamera yanu:

Sankhani kusamvana pa Option >> Video Capture Pin

Sinthani tsogolo la kamera ngati Kuwala, Mgwirizano. White Balance.. pa Njira >> Sefa Yojambula Kanema

Amcap imakuthandizani kuti mujambule chithunzi ndi kanema.

CCM:

CCM ndi yovuta kwambiri chifukwa mawonekedwe ake ndi MIPI kapena DVP ndipo DSP imasiyanitsidwa ndi gawoli, Kugwiritsa ntchito bolodi la adaputala la Dothinkey ndi bolodi lamwana wamkazi kuyesa ndizofala pakupanga:

Dothinkey adaputala board:

gwirizanitsani gawo la kamera ndi bolodi la mwana wamkazi (pic-2).

Tsegulani pulogalamu yoyesera

Camera module makonda ndondomeko kuzindikira

Ndi mazana masauzande a ntchito ya module ya kamera, ma module a kamera a OEM sangathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zilizonse, chifukwa chake kusintha makonda kumabwera ndi kufunikira komanso kutchuka, kusintha kwa hardware ndi firmware, kuphatikizapo gawo la module, lens view angle, auto/fixed focus type. ndi fyuluta ya Lens, kuti ipatse mphamvu zatsopano.

Uinjiniya wosabwerezabwereza umakhudzanso kafukufuku, chitukuko, kapangidwe kazinthu zatsopano; Izi zikuphatikizanso ndalama zotsogola. Chofunika kwambiri, NRE ndi mtengo wanthawi imodzi womwe ungagwirizane ndi mapangidwe, kupanga mapangidwe atsopano, kapena zipangizo. Izi zikuphatikizaponso zosiyana za ndondomeko yatsopano. Ngati kasitomala akugwirizana ndi NRE, ndiye kuti wogulitsa adzatumiza zojambulazo kuti zitsimikizidwe pambuyo pa malipiro.

Zofuna makonda zimayendera

1. Mutha kupereka zojambula kapena zitsanzo, komanso zolembedwa zopempha ndikupangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito zamainjiniya.
2. Kulankhulana
3. Tidzalumikizana nanu mwatsatanetsatane kuti tidziwe zomwe mukufuna ndikuyesa kukukonzerani zomwe zili zoyenera kwambiri malinga ndi zosowa zanu.
4. Kukula Zitsanzo
5. Dziwani zambiri zachitsanzo chachitukuko ndi nthawi yobweretsera. Lumikizanani nthawi iliyonse kuti muwonetsetse kupita patsogolo.
6. Kuyesa Zitsanzo
7. Yesani ndi zaka pakugwiritsa ntchito kwanu, zotsatira zoyeserera, palibe chifukwa chosinthira, kupanga kwakukulu.

Mafunso omwe muyenera kufunsa musanasinthe module ya kameraKodi zofunika ndi ziti?

Module ya kamera ya USBayenera kukhala ndi zofunika izi. Ndiwo zigawo zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimawonjezera kumveka bwino kwa chithunzi komanso mfundo yabwino yogwirira ntchito. Zigawozo zimatchulidwa bwino polumikiza kudzera pa CMOS ndi CCD Integrated circuit. Iyenera kugwira ntchito molingana ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito ndikuchita ngati njira yogwiritsira ntchito kamera. Idzalumikizana ndi zinthu zambiri zomwe zimawonjezera yankho langwiro pazofunikira za kamera pakulumikiza kwa USB.

• Lens
• sensa
• DSP
• PCB

Mukufuna kusintha kwanji kuchokera ku Kamera ya USB?

Resolution ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kuchuluka kwa data mu chithunzi cha bitmap, chomwe chimawonetsedwa ngati dpi (dontho pa inchi). Mwachidule, lingaliro la kamera limatanthawuza kuthekera kwa kamera kusanthula chithunzicho, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa ma pixel a sensa ya chithunzi cha kamera. Chosankha chapamwamba kwambiri ndi kukula kwa kuthekera kwa kamera kuthetsa zithunzi pamwamba kwambiri, chiwerengero chapamwamba kwambiri cha ma pixel mu kamera. Ma pixel a 30W a CMOS amakono ndi 640 × 480, ndipo 50W-pixel CMOS ndi 800 × 600. Ziwerengero ziwiri za chisankho zikuyimira mayunitsi a chiwerengero cha mfundo muutali ndi m'lifupi mwa chithunzi. Chiyerekezo cha chithunzi cha digito nthawi zambiri chimakhala 4:3.

Muzochita zenizeni, ngati kamera ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa macheza apaintaneti kapena pamisonkhano yapakanema, kukwera kwake kumapangitsa kuti bandwidth ya netiweki ikhale yayikulu. Chifukwa chake, ogula akuyenera kulabadira izi, asankhe pixel yoyenera pazogulitsa zawo malinga ndi zosowa zawo.

The Field of view angle (FOV)?

Ngodya ya FOV imatanthawuza kusiyanasiyana komwe lens imatha kuphimba. (Chinthucho sichidzaphimbidwa ndi lens ikadutsa ngodya iyi.) Lens ya kamera imatha kuphimba zithunzi zambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawonetsedwa ndi ngodya. Mbali imeneyi imatchedwa lens FOV. Dera lophimbidwa ndi mutuwo kudzera pa lens pa ndege yapakatikati kuti apange chithunzi chowoneka ndi gawo lowonera magalasi. FOV iyenera kuganiziridwa ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito, Kukula kwa lens angle, kufalikira kwa mawonekedwe, ndi mosemphanitsa.

Camera Dimension ya pulogalamu yanu

Magawo akuluakulu omwe adawerengedwa ndi module ya kamera ndi kukula kwake, komwe kumasiyana kwambiri pazofunikira zosiyanasiyana.

kutengera kukula ndi mawonekedwe a kuwala. Ili ndi gawo lowonera komanso kutalika kofikira kuti mufikire ndi kuwerengetsa kwazinthu. Zimaphatikizapo kutalika kwapakati komanso kumaphatikizapo mandala abwino amtundu. Kukula kwa kuwala kwa mandala kuyenera kugwirizana ndi ntchito yanu ndikudalira wamba. Diameter imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi masensa akuluakulu ndi zida zokhala ndi zophimba zamagalasi. Zimatengera mawonekedwe a vignetting kapena mdima pakona pazithunzi.

Ndi mazana masauzande a ma module a kamera, miyeso ya module imayimira chinthu chomwe chimasiyana kwambiri. Mainjiniya athu ali ndi mphamvu yopanga miyeso yeniyeni yomwe ingagwire bwino ntchito yanu.

EAU ya zinthu

Mtengo wamtengo wamtengo wapatali umadalira pa ndondomeko. Kamera ya USB yokhala ndi EAU yaying'ono sikuwonetsa ngati yosinthidwa makonda. Zofunikira nthawi zonse komanso zokonda zanu monga Lens, kukula, sensor, module yamakamera yosinthidwa ndiye njira yanu yabwino kwambiri.

Kusankha gawo loyenera la kamera

Nthawi zambiri, makasitomala ambiri adzakhazikikamodule yolondola ya kamerakuti munthu sadzadziwa mtundu wa mandala chofunika ntchito pano. Pali malingaliro ambiri omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito pano kuti adziwitse anthu kuti asankhe mandala abwino ndikusankha gawo labwino kwambiri la kamera. Ma lens omwe musankhe adzadalira kwathunthu njira yomwe mugwiritse ntchito. Chifukwa cha mayankho osiyanasiyana a sensa ndi DSP, ndi ma lens osiyanasiyana magalasi, ndi zotsatira zofananira za module ya kamera ndizosiyana kwambiri. Makamera ena angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana, koma ena amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zojambula. Makamera ena okhala ndi nyenyezi amatha kujambula zithunzi m'malo osawoneka bwino, koma pamtengo wokwera kwambiri.

Zotsatira zabwino:

Ngati mwayika module ya kamera kapena kamera muofesi yanu kapena chipinda chogona chaching'ono, ndiye kuti kutalika kwa 2.8mm kokha ndikokwanira panthawiyo. Ngati mukufuna kukhazikitsa gawo la kamera kapena kamera kuseri kwa nyumba yanu, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyika 4mm mpaka 6mm kutalika. Kutalika kwapakati kumawonjezeka chifukwa malo ndi aakulu. Mudzafunika kutalika kwa 8mm kapena 12mm ndiye mutha kugwiritsa ntchito izi mufakitale kapena mumsewu wanu popeza malo adzakhala okwera kwambiri.

Mukafuna kusankha gawo la kamera la kuwala kwa NIR ndiye kuti kuyankha kowoneka bwino kwa module ya kamera kumatanthauzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu za lens kapena sensor. Masensawo adzakhala opangidwa ndi silicon kwathunthu ndipo awonetsa kuyankha kogwira mtima kwa kuwala kwa NIR modabwitsa kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi kuwala kowoneka kapena 850nm, kukhudzika kudzakhala kochepa kwambiri kwa 940nm. Ngakhale mutapeza izi mutha kupeza chithunzicho bwino kwambiri. Lingaliro lofunika kwambiri lomwe likukhudzidwa ndi njirayi lidzapanga kuwala kokwanira kwa kamera kuti izindikire. Simudzadziwa bwino nthawi yomwe kamera imatha kuyambitsidwa ndipo imatha kutenga nthawi yabwino idzakhala yosiyana kwambiri. Chifukwa chake panthawiyo, chizindikirocho chidzatumizidwa kumlingo wina ndipo munthu amatha kusankha gawo loyenera la kamera.

Mapeto

Kuchokera pazokambirana pamwambapa, gawo la kamera ya USB lili ndi ntchito zonse ndipo limalumikizana ndi gawo lodziyimira pawokha. Chokhazikika cha module ya kamera ya USB chili ndi mandala, galasi loyang'ana, mawonekedwe ophatikizika a photosensitive, ndi zina zotero. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kupeza kusiyana pakati pa USB ndi MIPI kamera modules.

A makonda kamera modulendiyoyenera kwambiri pakupanga mapulogalamu atsopano. Chifukwa gawo la kamera lokhazikika limatha kukhazikitsidwa pazofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa. Kuchokera pakukula kwa kamera titha kuphunzira: Choyamba, ma pixel apamwamba (13 miliyoni, 16 miliyoni), sensor yapamwamba kwambiri yazithunzi (CMOS), kuthamanga kwambiri (USB2.0, USB3.0, ndi mawonekedwe ena othamanga) adzakhala mayendedwe amtsogolo; Kachiwiri makonda ndi ukadaulo (wongogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida chothandizira mavidiyo), umagwira ntchito zambiri (ndi ntchito zina, monga kung'anima komwe kumayendera, kutengera makamera a digito, ndizothekanso kuti kamera ikhoza kukhala ndi ntchito ya scanner. M'tsogolomu), ndi zina zotero. Chachitatu, zokumana nazo za ogwiritsa ntchito ndizofunikira kwambiri, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito ndizosowa zenizeni za makasitomala.